Study on gas exchange and antioxidant system of solanaceous species under water logged conditions
Keywords:
Photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance flooding stress solanum spp., antioxidants, catalase, peroxidase, MDA.Abstract
The aim of our work is to study gas exchange and antioxidant system in nine wild solanaceous species Solanum indicum, Solanum macrocarpon, Solanum acculeatissimum, Solanum sysimbrifolium, Solanum nigrum, Solanum viarum, Solanum insimum Solanum torvum, and Solanum macranthum under water logging condition. Experiments were laid in factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance decreased and closure of stomata was quick during flooding conditions in all the Solanum species. Species Solanum torvum performed photosynthetically better under flooding and also had better stomatal conductance. The antioxidants like SOD, catalase and peroxidase activity was significantly increased during the period of waterlogging and lipid peroxidation (MDA) content was decreased in tolerant Solanum species. An increase in the some parameters associated with oxidative stress, namely peroxides production, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage, reveals that root oxygen deficiency caused photooxidative damage in all rootstocks of solanaceous species. The ability to maintain a balance between the formation and detoxification of activated oxygen species appeared likely to increase the survival potential and the tolerance of the plants against varying oxidative stress. On basis of our observation, we conclude that species with higher photosynthetic rate and antioxidant system had improved waterlogging stress tolerance.
Downloads
References
Asada K. 1987. Production and scavenging of active oxygen in photosynthesis. Photoinhibition, 227-287.
Baker NR. 2008. Chlorophyll fluorescence: a probe of photosynthesis in vivo. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 89-113.
Chugh V, Kaur N & Gupta AK. 2011. Evaluation of oxidative stress tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings in response to drought.
Else MA, Coupland D, Dutton L & Jackson MB. 2001. Decreased root hydraulic conductivity reduces leaf water potential, initiates stomatal closure and slows leaf expansion in flooded plants of castor oil (Ricinus communis) despite diminished delivery of ABA from the roots to shoots in xylem sap. Physiologia Plantarum, 111(1): 46-54.
Else MA, Janowiak F, Atkinson CJ & Jackson MB. 2008. Root signals and stomatal closure in relation to photosynthesis, chlorophyll a fluorescence and adventitious rooting of flooded tomato plants. Annals of botany, 103(2): 313-323.
Ezin V, Pena RDL & Ahanchede A. 2010. Flooding tolerance of tomato genotypes during vegetative and reproductive stages. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22(2): 131-142.
Farquhar GD & Sharkey TD. 1982. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 33(1): 317-345.
Foyer CH, Lelandais M & Kunert KJ. 1994. Photooxidative stress in plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 92(4): 696-717.
Ginoux G & Laterrot H. 1991. Greffage de l’aubergine: reflexions sur le choix du portegreffe. PHM Revue Horticole, 321(1): 49-54.
Goyal P, Berwal MK, Praduman & Chugh LK. 2017. Peroxidase actvity, its isozymes and deterioration of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. BR.] flour during storage. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 3: 42-51.
Heath RL & Packer L. 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 125(1): 189-198.
Hetherington AM, Hunter MIS & Crawford RM. 1982. Contrasting effects of anoxia on rhizome lipids in Iris species. Phytochemistry, 21(6): 1275-1278.
Jackson M & Hall K. 1987. Early stomatal closure in waterlogged pea plants is mediated by abscisic acid in the absence of foliar water deficits. Plant, Cell & Environment, 10(2): 121-130.
Jackson MB. 2002. Long‐distance signalling from roots to shoots assessed: the flooding story. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53(367): 175-181.
Jokhan AD, Else MA & Jackson MB. 1996. Delivery rates of abscisic acid in xylem sap of Ricinus communis L. plants subjected to part-drying of the soil. Journal of Experimental Botany, 47(10): 1595-1599.
Khah EM, Katsoulas N, Tchamitchian M & Kittas C. 2012. Effect of grafting on eggplant leaf gas exchanges under Mediterranean greenhouse conditions. International Journal of Plant Production, 5(2): 121-134.
King SR, Davis AR, Zhang X & Crosby K. 2010. Genetics, breeding and selection of rootstocks for Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(2): 106-111.
Lee JM. 1994. Cultivation of grafted vegetables I. Current status, grafting methods, and benefits. HortScience, 29(4): 235-239.
Murchie EH & Niyogi KK. 2011. Manipulation of photoprotection to improve plant photosynthesis. Plant physiology, 155(1): 86-92.
Noctor G & Foyer CH. 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annual review of plant biology, 49(1): 249-279.
Perur N. 1962. Measurement of peroxidase activity in plant leaf tissue. Current Science, 31(1): 17-18.
Premachandra GS, Saneoka H, Fujita K & Ogata S. 1992. Leaf water relations, osmotic adjustment, cell membrane stability, epicuticular wax load and growth as affected by increasing water deficits in sorghum. Journal of Experimental Botany, 43(12): 1569-1576.
Reddy AR, Chaitanya KV & Vivekanandan M. 2004. Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of plant physiology, 161(11): 1189-1202.
Rhodes D & Samaras Y. 1994. Genetic control of osmoregulation in plants. Cellular and molecular physiology of cell volume regulation, 347-361.
Schwarz D, Rouphael Y, Colla G & Venema JH. 2010. Grafting as a tool to improve tolerance of vegetables to abiotic stresses: thermal stress, water stress and organic pollutants. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(2): 162-171.
Walker D. (1992). Energy, plants and man: Univ Science Books.
Yordanova RY, Christov KN & Popova LP. 2004. Antioxidative enzymes in barley plants subjected to soil flooding. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 51(2): 93-101.
